17 Jun 2011


Like subway posters or highway billboards, wall murals have long been popular as a form of cheap advertising in Tanzania for such products as Coca-Cola, Pepsi and Kilimanjaro beer. But as GlobalPost's Iva Skoch has found, the murals have taken on a new, albeit more provocative, role: promoting sex education throughout Dar Es Salaam, the country's largest city.
Little is considered taboo in the colorful new ads, which depict everything from general condom use and masturbation to more severe topics like teen pregnancy and female genital mutilation. While the murals may often be done in a tongue-in-cheek manner, Tanzania's statistics are considerably less so. The current HIV rate hovers at about 6 percent, while 40 percent of 18-year-old girls are already mothers or currently pregnant.
Officials say the occasionally racy murals are already proving effective, and many local schools are opting to follow suit with their own sex ed walls. "If you use a photograph, people don't identify with the person," said Alex Ngaiza, HIV program manager at the health communication organization PSI. "But with a mural, everyone can relate."


Read the full article, and view the amazing full gallery, here.
See photos of Tanzania's sex education murals, courtesy of GlobalPost, below:




14 Jun 2011

YOU'VE HAD YOUR SAY, NOW BHOKE FROM BIG BROTHER HAS HERS

You watched her on your T.V. screens in Tanzania and then you watched her all over Africa on Big Brother Amplified 2011.  She's had a controversial time since her exit but we were not satisfied with the word on the street... we wanted to hear it straight from Bhoke's own heart. Get to know Bhoke Egina all over again in her Exclusive interview with iMagazine.


Who is Bhoke Egina?  Tell us about yourself? 
BE: Bhoke Egina is a very humble girl, down to earth, gets along with lots of people... I was born in Dar es Salaam I have two sisters and one brother and I'm the last born. I studied at Mlimani Primary School then Makongo High School, Tambaza High school and I did my Law degree at Tumaini University. 

What motivated you to apply for Big Brother Amplified (BBA)? 
BE: The last two years I went through a traumatic experience. I was pregnant and very sick and I had a premature baby and she passed away when she was three months actually its only been a year since she passed, I needed a change and I wanted to experience something different...  

Wow, that is tough for any woman to hear let alone for a woman to go through. I can understand why you needed a change! How did you find out you had been selected? 
BE: They sent me an email and called me after I had gone through dozens of interviews, I was so happy to be selected.

So, when you were on the plane ready to go to be part of the show, what were you thinking? What was on your mind?
BE: There were so many things on my mind at the time like how will the experience be, what kind of people will I meet, how will my friends take it because most of them didn't know I was going to be on the show. I was very  excited to be chosen!

Once you got into the Big Brother house could you be yourself? Did you find yourself acting or were we seeing the real Bhoke? 
BE: I tried to be myself as much as I could, it is a different environment  so you have to adjust to some things and be flexible but acting NOOO, you can try to the first couple of days but sooner or later the real you will come out!


What about your housemates? Were they all genuine? Who was your favourite and who did you like the least? 
BE: I think everyone was genuine atleast that's what I felt when I was in there, you can tell when a person is fake  and like I said in that house its not easy to be fake and pretend. I was very close to Kim from Zambia, Nick  from Kenya, Alex from Ghana, Ernest from Uganda and of course Confident...there were people that I was not close with for instance Karen, though we were in the process of getting to know one another. 
photo credit: Official BBA

You were surprised that Alex nominated you for eviction, he was one of your boys, why do you think he did that? 
BE: Yes I was, I cannot say why he did it only he has the reasons why, but it is a game and I understand!



photo credit: Official BBA



Going in, did expect to find Mr Right in there or make any lasting friendships?  
BE: Mr Right  Noooo...friendships Yes definitely!!!

Of course the questions that are on many people's lips concern a particular guy from Uganda..... when did you first see there was an attraction with Ernest? 

BE: The first time I met him was in Johannesburg I was there for the Big Brother interview and so was he but we did not tell eachother that.  We went out and had a great time when we returned to our countries we kept in touch still, we would call  and text  eachother all the time. 

There are some things that we don't see especially us outside of Africa watching via Youtube and blogs, what was so special about Ernest that made the relationship move so fast? 
BE: Our relationship did not move fast, like I said me and him met way before and just clicked and being in the same house just made us even closer.

Some of your housemates commented that you guys never showed interest to other people in the house... would you say that was a fair thing to say? 
BE: We mingled with other people just as much so I don't think that was a fair thing to say.

I watched a Youtube clip of you and Ernest talking I think the next day after something had happened. I felt from listening to you talking that you regretted what had happened. Did you? Was it a case of waking up after a drinking too much and thinking... nooo what happened last night??  
BE: I had a lot to drink the previous night I can't deny that and I needed to understand what had happened... only me and Ernest know the truth of the matter regardless of what the clips might show or anyone might say nevertheless everyone is entitled to their own opinion and I respect that. 

It happens to so many people but I guess unfortunately for you it was on live t.v. I've heard that on Big Brother you somehow forget that there are cameras and just live life as normal.... is that what happened? 
BE: Big Brother is not a series that you say "action" and people begin to act, it's your everyday life it's more like we bring the cameras to your house so after a while you forget the cameras and just live as you would in your own house.

Listening to Ernest in that youtube clip one could feel that he was playing up for the cameras, that it didnt bother him as much. What do you think? 
BE: I cannot speak for him,  at that particular moment he told me something that I would remember for the rest of my life he said "This is your personal journey and nobody else's" He also reminded me of why I was there in the first place. 


Do you think he was being genuine? 
BE: I know he was genuine, we did not plan to meet in the Big Brother house maybe for me and him that's how we were supposed to meet, ...I'm just a girl with feelings and emotions just like everybody else.


How was it when you saw your family again after all of that. I guess it was their opinion that mattered most?  Have they been cool? 
BE: My family is my backbone especially my mother, they know me and we don't talk about things that don't matter. 

And how is your relationship with your family now? 
BE: Just like it was from the begining nothing has changed not even one bit! 

People can only judge you based on what they see. Is there anything you'd like to say about Bhoke to give the full picture, the parts of Bhoke people did not see on Big Brother? 
BE: People will always judge no matter what you say, I can write a whole speech about me and they would still judge, it's funny how people can write or say stuff about you that you don't even know for instance I have fan pages and I'm not in control of whatever is written on those pages. It is not me writing and people don't know that the only page I'm in control of is my personal Facebook account.  No matter how much I think this is my business and nobody els I still don't believe that provoking people is a way to go.  Anyways the people close to me know me and they've been very supportive I'm glad for that and that's what matters the most.

Another thing I guess is the culture. Here in the UK celebrities make money from their naughty antics on Big Brother.  In Africa it's more conservative. What do you plan to do to erase those antics from people's minds when they think of Bhoke? 
BE: I think when you meet me you'll see that I'm totally the opposite of what people think I am. You can't change people's minds if they don't want to, it's their prerogative to think whichever way they want about anything.... this experience has taught me a lot.  I know who are my real friends and who are not ....I'm not going to let that phase me and make me lose my focus I think that would be a crime to myself. 

Have you been in touch with Ernest since coming out of the house?  Any plan to go to Uganda? 
BE: Yes we are in touch, he's very supportive and very worried about me and about everything that's going on. I would like to get to know him better and see how it goes he's a great person and a good friend...And I can't wait to go to Uganda.


Other than the 'incident' was there anything in the house, for you, that you worried about your family and friends maybe seeing? 
BE: Nothing whatsover I don't believe in living in fear I'm a free spirit. Whatever happens people move on with their lives so why shouldn't I move on with mine?



What do you have planned for the future? Will you continue with your show?  
BE: Of course I will continue with the show, they haven't seen the last of me yet! I wan't us to take 5Connect to another level and I think we have the means to do it. 

Who do you think deserves to win BBA 2011? 
BE: I think Nick, Alex or Confidence  

For all the good and bad - was your time on Big Brother a positive experience? Would you do it again if offered a spot on the next BBA All-Stars? 
BE: It was a good experience for me afterall I had my personal reasons to go in there and I think I fullfilled what I wanted as an individual the rest as they say is history! If given a chance I will grab it for sure!

Thank you for talking to us Bhoke and we wish you all the best and hope to have you live on the Sporah Show in the future.

interview by Jacqueline Kibacha for iMagazine / The Sporah Show

A total lunar eclipse in Japan, 2007: During totality light only reaches the moon through Earth's atmosphere, back-scattering blue light and making it appear red

Wakazi wa Uingereza leo Jumatano watapata fursa ya kuona kupatwa kwa mwezi ambapo mwezi unatarajiwa kugeuka "mwekundu kama damu" kwa takriban dakika 100.Hata hivyo,wanasayansi wa taasisi ya mambo ya anga ya Marekani (NASA) wanaeleza kuwa wakazi wa Ulaya hawatofaidi vizuri tukio hilo kwani linatarajiwa kutokea kabla ya mwezi kuchomoza (kwa majira ya Ulaya)

Tukio hilo linatarajiwa kuanza saa 12 na dakika 24 jioni kwa muda wa majira ya joto hapa Uingereza (1824 British Summer Time) na kuendelea hadi saa 6 usiku (0000 BST) lakini kwa Uingereza litaanza kuonekana saa 3 na dakika 19 usiku (2119 BST).

Wakazi wa maeneo ya nusu ya mashariki ya bara la Afrika,eneo la Mashariki ya Kati,Asia ya Kati na magharibi mwa Australia wataweza kuliona tukio zima (yaani dakika hizo takriban 100 za kupatwa kwa mwezi).Hata hivyo,wakazi wa Marekani hawatoliona tukio hilo kwa vile litatokea majira ya mchana kwa mida ya huko.

Kijiografia,asili ya mwanga wa mwezi ni mionzi ya jua.Tukio la kupatwa kwa mwezi ni pale Dunia,Jua na Mwezi zinapokuwa mstari mmoja,na kivuli cha Dunia kinaangukia kwenye Mwezi kamili.Uwekundu kama damu katika tukio hili la leo ni matokeo ya miale ya jua kupita Duniani kisha kuangukia kwenye uso wa mwezi.




Window on the world: Gone are the small aircraft windows in the 'vitalising zone' which provides a panoramic view for passengers

Pichani juu ni muundo wa ndege za kizazi kijacho ambazo badala ya vijidirisha vidogo tulivyovizowea,ndege hizo zitakuwa transparent.Hiyo inamaanisha abiria wataweza kuona ndege inavyopasua anga...na hapo ndio shughuli kwa waoga wa vina.

Hata hivyo,kama wewe ni miongoni mwa waoga hao,basi usihofu sana kwani inatarajiwa kuwa ndege za aina hiyo zitaanza kazi miaka 40 ijayo.

CHANZO (NA KWA HABARI KAMILI): Daily Mail

Private ceremony: Didier Drogba invited his closest family and friends to his wedding in Monaco
So some footballers CAN behave themselves? Chelsea star Didier Drogba marries his long-term partner in a private ceremony



By Marcus Barnes

Last updated at 7:36 PM on 13th June 2011

With the almost incessant scandals that emerge from the world of football it's refreshing to find that some players can behave themselves.

Take Didier Drogba for instance - the Chelsea star married his long-term partner this weekend in a private ceremony minus the opulence commonly associated with the world of millionaire footballers.

Drogba, 33, tied the knot with Lalla Diakite at the at the Marie de Monaco in Monaco.

Here comes the bride: It was a real family affair for the millionaire footballer
Here comes the bride: It was a real family affair for the millionaire footballer

The centre forward sported a simple grey suit for the ceremony, while his wife also kept it relatively simple in a plain white gown.

Meanwhile the bridesmaids wore lilac outfits.

The ceremony was officiated by club owner Roman Abramovich, with his team-mates Salomon Kalou and Florent Malouda among the groom’s men.

RnB superstar Akon and a host of stars from NBA were also said to be included on the list of guests for the event.

Didier also flew in singer J.Martins from Nigeria.

The football is said to be a fan of the singer after hearing his collaboration with Congolese music star, Fally Ipupa, on the song, Jupa Remix.

Dream wedding: The Chelsea star pulled out all the stops to make sure that the ceremony was a special day for his new wife


Dream wedding: The Chelsea star pulled out all the stops to make sure that the ceremony was a special day for his new wife

In fact, according to a source it was originally Ipupa who was invited to the wedding, a source says.

Long-term love: Drogba and his now-wife Lalla at a London party last September


Long-term love: Drogba and his now-wife Lalla at a London party last September


The source claimed: 'Drogba really loves the song and he thought it was Fally Ipupa’s.

'So, when his management got across to Fally to perform at the wedding to sing specified songs, he told them that Jupa Remix was not his. And that for him to perform it at the wedding, his collaborator, the owner of the song, had to be there.'

Didier and his bride met in 1999 when he was in the early stages of his career in Paris, they have three children together and maintain a relatively private life apart from Drogba's infrequent visits to west end clubs with his team mates.
And, although the setting and guestlist were both indicative of the football star's wealth, Drogba kept his day as simple as he could.

A source told The Sun: 'Didier isn't interested in celebrity magazine deals or needless expense.

'He just wants a private wedding with his closest friends and family. He wants to give Lalla the wedding of her dreams because they couldn't afford much when they got together as youngsters in France.'

Meanwhile, one of Drogba's good friends, Ghanian star Michael Essien, travelled 3,000 kilometres to make an appearance at the wedding.

Cancelled: Ashley Young and Liam Ridgewell both halted their weddings before they'd even happened                                           Cancelled: Ashley Young and Liam Ridgewell both halted their weddings before they'd even happened
Cancelled: Ashley Young and Liam Ridgewell both halted their weddings before they'd even happened

Essien took part in Nigerian star Kanu's testimonial game on Saturday and flew to Monaco so he could honour his commitments to both men.

Chelsea star Drogba wasn't the only footballer with wedding news this weekend.

Better luck: Luka Modric and Vincent Kompany both tied the knot this weekend                         Better luck: Luka Modric and Vincent Kompany both tied the knot this weekend


Manchester City player Vincent Kompany and Tottenham's Luka Modric also wed over the weekend.

While Birmingham City player Liam Ridgewell called off his £170,000 wedding by sending a text to guests just eight days before the ceremony.

Better luck: Luka Modric and Vincent Kompany both tied the knot this weekend
The defender, 26, had planned to tie the knot with girlfriend Kirsty Maclaren, 23, in front of 200 people next Saturday.

Instead they sent a message saying it was cancelled.

It read: 'It’s not been an easy decision but it is mutual. We ask for your understanding at this hard time.'

The news came 24 hours after Manchester United star Ashley Young called off his marriage to Nicky Pike, 26 – just two days before the ceremony

 

SOURCE: Daily Mail

11 Jun 2011

Can I have a short please? Tiny teen enjoys his first beer as he becomes world's new smallest man

By Daily Mail Reporter
Last updated at 3:24 PM on 10th June 2011
Junrey Balawing sips a beer nearly as big as him as he celebrates becoming the world's smallest man.

The 22-inch Filipino turns 18 on Sunday when Guinness World Records will award him the crown - which he takes from Nepal's 26.4-inch Khagendra Thapa Magar.

Mr Balawing said: 'I am so excited! I am small, but now I am a man.

'I have tried beer for the first time. I like it but can only have a little. I want a beautiful wife. 

'I know she will probably be taller than me. I can't wait for my party.'
Celebration: Junrey Balawing from the Philippines will be awarded the title of the world's smallest man on his 18th birthday this weekend
Happy: Although he cannot attend school and cannot walk far, Junrey says he is 'proud' to be the world's smallest man
Celebration: Junrey Balawing from the Philippines will be awarded the title of the world's smallest man on his 18th birthday this weekend
Meet the parents: Junrey Balawing with his mother and father, Reynaldo (L) and Concepcion in the Philippines
Meet the parents: Junrey Balawing with his mother and father, Reynaldo (L) and Concepcion in the Philippines
His proud mother Concepcion, 35, and 37-year-old father Reynaldo, from a tiny village near the town of Zamboanga del Norte, have been invited to a reception with the local mayor.

Mrs Balawing said: 'We've been told the people from Guinness need to measure Junrey three times in one day to confirm his height. Only then can he be named the smallest man in the world.

'It's very exciting because we are a poor family and things like this have never happened before.

'I can't believe Junrey is going to be famous all over the world and people are flying from countries like Britain and America to see him.'

The young man is the same size as a one-year-old and loves to ride on top of his father's shoulders or be carried by his mother.
Tiny teen: Junrey is so small most of his 18th birthday presents are bigger than he is
Tiny teen: Junrey is so small most of his 18th birthday presents are bigger than he is
His family said he stopped growing after his first birthday and has remained the same size ever since.

His mother said she first noticed something was wrong as Junrey approached the age of two but no doctor was able to help.

She said: 'He was always sick and we noticed he wasn't growing so we took him to see a doctor but they were baffled.'

When Junrey was 12 the family took him back to the doctor but the only advice they received was to give him vitamins, which the family couldn't afford. 

Too tall: Nepalese man Khagendra Thapa Magar, at 26.4 inches, is now only the world's second smallest man
Too tall: Nepalese man Khagendra Thapa Magar, at 26.4 inches, is now only the world's second smallest man
Other doctors in the capital Manila refused to treat Junrey for less than 100,000 pesos (£1,500) - more than a lifetime's wage for Reynaldo, who works as a blacksmith in a nearby town.

He said: 'I am only home at weekends because I have to work so much to feed the family. 

'But even if I worked every day for the rest of my life I couldn't afford the expensive doctors in Manila.'

He didn't even realise his son was set to be a record breaker until contacted by Guinness.

He said: 'I was picked up by police one time then brought to the mayor's office. 

'The mayor told me that on Junrey's birthday there will be an important visitor who will come and I should bring Junrey with me.

'It was only then I realised Junrey was about to become famous far beyond our little village. 

'There's going to be a big party for Junrey in the town attended by lots of important people.'

Junrey's younger but siblings Jaycel, 13, Jay-art, 11, and Jeanritch, six, who are all tall, go to school while their older brother stays at home with his mother.

Concepcion said: 'I would love to be able to work while my other children are at school but I can't leave Junrey. He needs my care every minute of every day.

'Junrey can only walk with some help and he can't stand for too long because he's in too much pain. 

'But he loves it when I tell him he's the smallest man in the world - he is beaming with pride.'
Size matters: The world's tallest man, Bao Xishun, who stands 7.9 feet, shakes hands with He Ping Ping - who died last year - the smallest man in the world at 28.8 inches prior to Mr Magar
Size matters: The world's tallest man, Bao Xishun, who stands 7.9 feet, shakes hands with He Ping Ping - who died last year - the smallest man in the world at 28.8 inches prior to Mr Magar


Today we have higher buildings and wider highways, but shorter temperments and narrower points of view.

We spend more, but enjoy less. We have bigger houses, but smaller families. We have more compromises, but less time. We have more knowledge, but less judgement. We have more medicines, but less health.

We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values. We talk much, we love only a little, and we hate too much.

We reached the moon and came back, but we find it troublesome to cross our own street and meet our neighbors. We have conquered the outer space, but not our inner space.

We have higher income, but less morals… These are times with more liberty, but less joy… With much more food, but less nutrition…

These are days in which two salaries come home, but divorces increase. These are times of finer houses, but more broken homes.

That’s why I propose that as of today -- You do not keep anything for a special occasion, because every day that you live is a special occasion. Search for knowledge, read more, sit on your front porch and admire the view without paying attention to the needs. Pass more time with your family, eat your favorite food, visit the place you love. Life is a chain of moments of enjoyment; it isn’t only survival.

Use your crystal goblets. Do not save your best perfume… use it every time you feel you want it. Take out from your vocabulary phrases like, “one of these days” and “someday”. Let’s write that letter we thought of writing “one of these days…”

Let’s tell our families and friends how much we love them. Never pass up a chance at adding laughter and joy to your life. Every day, hour, and minute are special… Because you never know if it will be your last…

If you’re too busy to take some minutes to share this message with someone you love, and you tell yourself that you will share it “one of these days”… “one of these days” can be very far away, and you may not be there to see it…

10 Jun 2011

Zitto ajitoa kupokea posho za Bunge Send to a friend
Thursday, 09 June 2011 23:25
Mbunge wa Kigoma Kaskazini, Zitto Kabwe
Exuper Kachenje
MBUNGE wa Kigoma Kaskazini, Zitto Kabwe, ameiandikia barua Ofisi ya Bunge kuiomba isimamishe kumlipa posho zake zinazotokana na vikao vya Bunge kuanzia juzi.Zitto ametoa ombi hilo kwa barua rasmi aliyoiwakilisha kwa Katibu wa Bunge, Dk Thomas Kashililah Juni 7 mwaka huu.
Katika barua hiyo, ambayo gazeti hili limefanikiwa kuiona, Zitto alisema anaamini kuwa watumishi wa Serikali na wabunge, hawastahili kulipwa posho wanapohudhuria vikao rasmi vya uwajibikaji wao wa kawaida.
Zitto alisema kuwa posho hiyo haistahili kulipwa kwake, wabunge wengine wala watumishi wa umma kwa kuwa kuhudhuria vikao ni sehemu ya kazi zao.
"Kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Utawala wa Bunge (National Assembly Act of 2008) na kwa mujibu wa Masharti ya Kazi za Mbunge niliyokabidhiwa, ninastahili kupata posho za vikao, (sitting allowances) kila ninapohudhuria vikao vya Bunge na Kamati zake,"alisema Zitto na kuongeza:
"Ni imani yangu kuwa posho ya kikao haistahili kulipwa kwa mbunge na mtumishi mwingine yeyote wa Serikali kwani kuhudhuria kikao ni sehemu ya kazi yangu,".
Kupitia barua hiyo, Zitto ambaye pia ni Waziri Kivuli wa Fedha, alieleza kwamba amekuwa akipendekeza posho za vikao hivyo ifutwe, jambo ambalo pia limo katika mapendekezo ya chama chake (Chadema) katika Bajeti ya 2011/2012.
"Nimekuwa nikipendekeza kuwa posho hii ifutwe. Chama changu cha Chadema pia kimependekeza jambo hili katika mapendekezo yake ya Bajeti 2011/2012," alisema Zitto na kuendelea:
"Mpaka hapo mfumo wa kulipana posho za vikao utakapofutwa, ninaelekeza kwamba stahili zangu zote za posho zielekezwe katika Taasisi ya Kigoma Development Initiative (KDI).., utaratibu huu uanze kuanzia tarehe 8/6/2011."

Katibu wa Bunge agoma kuizungumzia
Katibu wa Bunge, Dk Thomas Kashililah alipoulizwa jana kama amepokea barua hiyo ya Zitto, alisema kuwa, yeye kama mtendaji wa mhimili huo wa Dola, anapokea barua nyingi, hivyo si rahisi kukumbuka kama barua hiyo imefika ofisini kwake.
Lakini akasema, hata kama barua hiyo itakuwa imemfikia ofisini, kanuni na taratibu haziruhusu Bunge kutangaza habari za mtu binafsi.Alisema ofisi yake hairuhusiwi kuandika masuala binafsi ya wabunge yanayofikishwa ofisini na kwamba hilo linawezekana ikiwa mhusika (Zitto), ameruhusu lifanyike kwa maandishi.
"...Haturuhusiwi kuandika habari  za mtu. Nikiwa Katibu wa Bunge, napokea barua nyingi 'personal' (binafsi), lakini kama yeye mwenyewe amewaambieni kuwa kaleta barua hiyo, basi mwambieni pia atuandikie barua kuturuhusu na sisi ili tulitangaze hilo," alisema Dk Kashililah.
Bajeti ya posho kulipa walimu laki moja
Uamuzi huo wa Zitto ambaye pia ni Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Chadema, umekuja huku taarifa za utafiti wa taasisi ya Policy Forum inayojihusisha na tafiti mbalimbali za sera zikionyesha kuwa, katika mwaka 2008/2009, Serikali katika bajeti yake ilitenga Sh506 bilioni kwa ajili ya malipo ya posho.
Kwa mujibu wa utafiti huo, ambao taarifa yake ilitolewa mwaka uliopita, fedha hizo ni sawa na mishahara ya mwaka mzima kwa walimu 109,000 ambao ni robo tatu ya walimu wote nchini.
Kwa mujibu wa utafiti huo mwaka 2009/10 kiasi cha fedha zilizotengwa kwa ajili ya posho za watumishi wa umma kilikuwa sawa na asilimia 59 ya malipo ya wafanyakazi wa ngazi ya chini .  
CHANZO: Mwananchi

9 Jun 2011


Mkala yangu katika toleo la wiki hii la jarida maridhawa la Raia Mwema inazungumzia suala la "tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo".Nimejaribu kuelezea kwanini kwa muda mrefu nimechelea kuzungumzia suala hilo,nikitanabaisha uwepo wa suala la imani katika "tiba ya Babu",nafasi ya tiba zisizo za kisayansi katika jamii (hususan nafasi ya waganga wa kienyeji) na uelewa wangu kitaaluma kama mwanafunzi wa zamani wa sosholojia ya dini.

Pamoja na makala hii,jarida la Raia Mwema limesheheni habari na makala nyingine mbalimbali zenye kiwango cha hali ya juu.Kwa sasa,soma makala husika hapa chini

RAIA MWEMA UGHAIBUNI

Vipi twawa tegemezi kwa tiba zisizo za kisayansi?

Evarist Chahali, Uskochi
Juni 8, 2011

PAMOJA na kuvuma kwa habari za “tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo”, nimekuwa nikichelea kuzungumzia suala hilo kwa sababu kadhaa za msingi. Kwa sasa yaweza kuelezwa kwamba Mchungaji Mstaafu wa Kanisa la Kilutheri la Kiinjili Tanzania (KKKT), Ambilikile Mwasapile ni mmoja wa watu maarufu nchini Tanzania. Na kwa nini asiwe maarufu; ilhali kuna maelfu ya Watanzania wanaoamini kuwa Mchungaji huyo anaweza kuponya magonjwa kadhaa sugu ikiwemo upungufu wa kinga mwilini (ukimwi)?

Nimechelea kuzungumzia suala hili kwa sababu, kwanza, suala hili linagusa imani. Kwa mujibu wa maelezo ya “Babu”, uwezo wa kuponya magonjwa sugu alipewa na Mungu ndotoni. Mimi ni Mkristo, na katika imani yetu tunaamini kuwa Mungu anaweza kumpa binadamu kipawa cha kufanya miujiza ikiwa ni pamoja na kutibu magonjwa sugu.

Hata hivyo, pamoja na Ukristo wangu, sina ujuzi wa kutosha wa Maandiko Matakatifu japo huwa napata wasaa wa kuyasoma. Na miongoni mwa yanayoelezwa katika Biblia Takatifu ni jinsi Mungu alivyomtuma mwanaye Yesu Kristo katika ubinadamu wake kuwafunulia wanadamu kuhusu ukombozi wa kiroho. Na moja ya mengi aliyofanya Yesu ni miujiza ya uponyaji.

Kwa mantiki hiyo, uponyaji ni jambo linalowezekana katika imani ya Kikristo. Hata kabla ya habari za “Babu wa Loliondo” tulishawahi kusikia habari za “watumishi wa Mungu” waliodaiwa kufanya uponyaji. Majina kama Father Nkwera, Esther wa Mikocheni na wengineo, yamezoeleka masikioni mwa Watanzania wengi.

Kwa hiyo, kwa wanaoamini kwenye nguvu ya Mungu katika uponyaji kupitia watumishi wake, uwezekano wa Mchungaji Mstaafu Mwasapile kuponya sio jambo la ajabu sana. Hata hivyo, hadi hapa simaanishi kuwa madai ya Mchungaji huyo ni ya kweli au ni uzushi tu.

Kwa upande mwingine, ninatoka katika ukoo ambao mmoja wa ndugu zangu ni mganga maarufu. Nisingependa kumtaja jina lakini ana umaarufu mkubwa huko wilayani Kilombero. Baba yangu huyo mdogo alirithishwa uganga na bibi yake aliyekuwa akitembelewa katika makazi yake huko Malinyi (wilayani Ulanga, mkoani Morogoro) na watu kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za nchi yetu.

Ndugu yangu huyo ni Muislamu na anatibu kwa kutumia mitishamba na Maandiko Matakatifu ya dini yake. Kutokana na ukaribu wetu, nilipata fursa ya kudadisi mengi kutoka kwake. Kubwa nililojifunza katika utoaji wa huduma zake za tiba kwa watu wanaohitaji huduma yake, ni umuhimu wa imani katika ufanisi wa tiba hizo. Mara kadhaa alinieleza kuwa ili tiba anazotoa ziwe na ufanisi, ni lazima kwa mtumiaji wa tiba husika awe na imani sambamba na kufuata masharti ya tiba aliyopewa.

Ukaribu wangu na ndugu yangu huyo uliniwezesha pia kuifahamu jinsi jamii yetu ilivyo tegemezi kwa tiba zisizo za kisayansi! Kama ilivyo kwa “Babu wa Loliondo”, vigogo kadhaa walikuwa miongoni mwa wateja wakubwa wa baba yangu huyo mdogo.

Suala jingine lililosababisha nichelee kujadili “tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo” ni ukweli kwamba wakati ninasomea Shahada ya kwanza katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam, nilifanya kozi ya Sosholojia ya dini (Sociology of Religion). Na kwa bahati nzuri, mhadhiri wa kozi hiyo alikuwa pia ni Padre wa Kimarekani, Dokta Father John Sivalon wa Kanisa Katoliki jijini Dar (wakati huo).

Kimsingi, somo hilo lilihusu nafasi ya dini kwenye jamii; kwa maana ya jinsi dini husika inavyotendeka, historia yake, maendeleo yake na mada mbalimbali kuhusu dini husika duniani. Sosholojia ya dini haijihusishi na filosofia ya dini; kwa maana ya kupima ukweli wa imani katika dini husika. Kwa hiyo, uwepo wa Padre kama mwalimu wa somo hilo haukuathiri alichokuwa akifundisha. Kadhalika, katika nyakati tofauti, tulipata fursa ya kutembelewa na viongozi mbalimbali wa dini kutufundisha kuhusu imani za dini zao.

Kama sehemu ya kozi hiyo, mimi na wanafunzi wenzangu watatu tulifanya utafiti mdogo kuhusu vikundi vipya vya kidini. Utafiti wetu ulifanyika katika kanisa moja “jipya” jijini Dar es Salaam. Kwa kifupi, moja ya matokeo ya utafiti huo yalikuwa ufahamu kuwa wengi wa waliojiunga na kanisa hilo walikuwa na matatizo ya aina Fulani kama vile ya kazi, familia, afya nk.

Kadhalika, wengi kati ya tuliowahoji walibainisha kuwa waliamua kuachana na dini zao za awali baada ya dini hizo kushindwa kuwapatia ufumbuzi wa matatizo yao. Ikumbukwe kuwa asili ya dini (kisayansi jamii) ni katika harakati za mwanadamu kupata mahala pa kuelekeza matatizo yake. Kidini, asili ya dini ni habari tofauti na inatofautiana kati ya dini moja na nyingine.

Ili kuelewa kwa nini “njia za mkato” za matatizo ya mwanadamu katika jamii yetu, kwa misingi ya imani, zinapata umaarufu, ni muhimu kufahamu kwamba kabla ya ujio wa dini “kuu” nchini Tanzania, kilichokuwepo ni dini za kitamaduni za Kiafrika (African Traditional Religions).

Japo sensa zetu za idadi ya watu zimekuwa zikikwepa kuainisha mgawanyiko wa Watanzania kwa misingi ya imani zao za kidini, ukweli ni kwamba dini kuu tatu huko nyumbani Tanzania ni Ukristo, Uislamu na Upagani (ambao wanajumuisha pia wale wasio na dini). Na hadi sasa, Upagani umeendelea kuwa sehemu muhimu miongoni mwa Wakristo na Waislamu. Na ndio maana mila na desturi zetu zimeendelea kushamiri; licha ya jitihada za mapadre na mashehe kuzikemea; hususan pale zinapokinzana na mafundisho ya dini hizo.

Kwa hiyo, ninaamini kuwa hadi hapa utaelewa kwa nini nimekuwa na wakati mgumu kukemea au kuafiki habari za “tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo”. Lakini nafasi yangu inakuwa ngumu zaidi kutokana na ukweli kwamba kadri ninavyoelimika ninatarajiwa na jamii kuangalia mambo “kisomi” zaidi; kwa maana ya kuchambua mambo kwa misingi ya kanuni za sayansi au sayansi jamii.

Kisayansi au kisayansi jamii, kinachoitwa tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo ni sawa na tetesi tu; kwa vile hakuna uthibitisho wa kitaaluma kuwa “tiba” yake inaponya. Natambua kuwa kuna idadi ndogo ya watu wanaodai kupona baada ya kupata tiba hiyo, lakini kitakwimu idadi hiyo ni ndogo sana kuhalalisha hitimisho la uhakika.

Lakini kikubwa kinachozua wasiwasi kuhusu “tiba” hiyo ni kukosekana kwa ushuhuda wa waliopona baada ya kupewa “kikombe cha Babu”. Yayumkinika kuamini kuwa hadi sasa takriban Watanzania nusu milioni wameshapata “kikombe”. Hivi kweli hatungeweza kusikia japo wenzetu 1,000 wakitoa ushuhuda wa kupona kansa (hata kama kilichowapeleka “kwa Babu” ni ukimwi)? Kulikoni habari zinazovuma zaidi (hasa kwenye gazeti moja la kila siku), ni za halaiki ya wanaokwenda kupata “kikombe” na sio ya walioponyeshwa?

Nimelazimika kuandika makala hii baada ya kusoma habari kwamba idadi ya watu walikwishapoteza maisha (katika harakati za kupata tiba hiyo) hadi sasa inazidi 100. Nikiangalia hawa wenyeji wangu hapa Uingereza wanavyohangaika pindi kinapotokea kifo cha mtu mmoja tu, nafadhaika kuona Serikali yetu ikiendelea na “sintofahamu” katika suala hili la “tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo”.

Ni rahisi kuwalaumu Watanzania wanaohangaika kwenda kwa “Babu”, lakini ni muhimu kuelewa kuwa kama Serikali inaonekana kuafiki kuwa “tiba” hiyo ina ufanisi, kwa nini basi wananchi nao wasiamini? Unaposikia viongozi kadhaa wakifunga safari zao kwenda kupata “tiba ya Babu” huku taratibu za kiserikali zikitumika kana kwamba ni sehemu ya sera ya afya, mwananchi wa kawaida anaweza kabisa kushawishika kuamini habari za “tiba” hiyo.

Serikali yoyote makini duniani ingeshtushwa na taarifa kuwa zaidi ya watu 100 wameshapoteza maisha yao katika harakati zao za kupata “tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo”. Lakini tutegemee nini kutoka kwa serikali isiyoonekana kushtushwa na mamia ya wananchi wanaonyang’anywa maisha yao kutokana na ajali za barabarani ambazo kwa kiasi kikubwa zinachangiwa na kushamiri kwa rushwa katika Jeshi la polisi kitengo cha Usalama Barabarani?

Siombei hili litokee, lakini ukweli ni kwamba jambo pekee litakaloiamsha serikali yetu kuchukua hatua stahili katika suala hili la “tiba ya Babu wa Loliondo”, ni pale kigogo mmoja atakapokumbwa na zahma katika harakati za kupata, au baada ya kutumia, “tiba ya babu”.

Kama ambavyo umeme wetu umekuwa ukitegemea kudra za Mwenyezi Mungu, inaelekea sasa sekta ya afya nayo imeachwa katika mikono ya akina “Babu wa Loliondo” na ndivyo pia Watanzania watakavyozidi kuzama katika utegemezi wa tiba zisizo za kisayansi.

Ni jambo la ajabu na la kushangazaa kwamba yote haya yanatokea wakati nchi yetu inajiandaa kusherehekea nusu karne tangu ipate uhuru! Ndiyo, miaka 50 ya Uhuru!

CHANZO: Raia Mwema

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